Трансформация геомы ландшафтов в зоне влияния горно-промышленных объектов

Abstract

The study investigates the features of the impact on natural components and especially on geological-geomorphological components of landscapes in the zone of influence of the largest chemical indus¬ try enterprise in the region - Gomel Chemical Plant (GCP). The main consequences of the influence are trans¬ formation of ecological functions of the geological environment and technoiithomorphoiogicai impact on the earth's surface, development of Hthogeochemicai and hydrogeochemicai anomalies, changes in soil and vege¬ tation covers, and appearance of technogenic landscapes. On the example of the processes occurring in the zone of influence of GCP, the features of relief formation are studied which are indicated by the development of positive and negative forms of technogenic relief. The paper also addresses the geological and geochemical processes in the zone of influence of natural-technical systems. The geological processes manifest themselves under the are indicated by the development influence of exogenous agents and significantly differ depending on the location: on slopes, mudflows and ta/uses are formed, within lowlands, underflooding and waterlogging are pronounced. In addition, the processes of transformation of the vegetation have been investigated in the study, which were reflected in degradation of the growing stock and formation of man-caused wastelands. One of the most adverse consequences of the functioning of Gomel Chemical Plant is geochemical transformation of the geo¬ logical environment due to migration of chemicals, which is indicated by increased mineralization (9.6 times increase compared to the background), rises in sulfate ion content (9. 7 times increase), phosphorus phosphate (50 times), ammonium nitrogen (4.8 times) and aluminum ion content (5 times increase).